Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin : A Risk Factor for Autism?
Joint Authors
Zhou, Shi-Sheng
Zhou, Yi-Ming
Li, Da
Ma, Qiang
Source
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-03-04
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Autism, a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects boys more than girls, is often associated with altered levels of monoamines (serotonin and catecholamines), especially elevated serotonin levels.
The monoamines act as both neurotransmitters and signaling molecules in the gastrointestinal and immune systems.
The evidence related to monoamine metabolism may be summarized as follows: (i) monoamine neurotransmitters are enzymatically degraded/inactivated by three mechanisms: oxidative deamination, methylation, and sulfation.
The latter two are limited by the supply of methyl groups and sulfate, respectively.
(ii) A decrease in methylation- and sulfation-mediated monoamine inactivation can be compensated by an increase in the oxidative deamination catalyzed by monoamine oxidase, an X-linked enzyme exhibiting higher activity in females than in males.
(iii) Vitamins can, on one hand, facilitate the synthesis of monoamine neurotransmitters and, on the other hand, inhibit their inactivation by competing for methylation and sulfation.
Therefore, we postulate that excess multivitamin feeding in early infancy, which has become very popular over the past few decades, may be a potential risk factor for disturbed monoamine metabolism.
In this paper, we will focus on the relationship between excess multivitamin exposure and the inactivation/degradation of monoamine neurotransmitters and its possible role in the development of autism.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Zhou, Shi-Sheng& Zhou, Yi-Ming& Li, Da& Ma, Qiang. 2013. Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin : A Risk Factor for Autism?. Autism Research and Treatment،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511883
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Zhou, Shi-Sheng…[et al.]. Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin : A Risk Factor for Autism?. Autism Research and Treatment No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511883
American Medical Association (AMA)
Zhou, Shi-Sheng& Zhou, Yi-Ming& Li, Da& Ma, Qiang. Early Infant Exposure to Excess Multivitamin : A Risk Factor for Autism?. Autism Research and Treatment. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511883
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-511883