Regional Blockade of the Shoulder : Approaches and Outcomes
Joint Authors
Sripada, Ramprasad
Bowens, Clifford
Source
Anesthesiology Research and Practice
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-12, 12 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-06-25
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
12
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The article reviews the current literature regarding shoulder anesthesia and analgesia.
Techniques and outcomes are presented that summarize our present understanding of regional anesthesia for the shoulder.
Shoulder procedures producing mild to moderate pain may be managed with a single-injection interscalene block.
However, studies support that moderate to severe pain, lasting for several days is best managed with a continuous interscalene block.
This may cause increased extremity numbness, but will provide greater analgesia, reduce supplemental opioid consumption, improve sleep quality and patient satisfaction.
In comparison to the nerve stimulation technique, ultrasound can reduce the volume of local anesthetic needed to produce an effective interscalene block.
However, it has not been shown that ultrasound offers a definitive benefit in preventing major complications.
The evidence indicates that the suprascapular and/or axillary nerve blocks are not as effective as an interscalene block.
However in patients who are not candidates for the interscalene block, these blocks may provide a useful alternative for short-term pain relief.
There is substantial evidence showing that subacromial and intra-articular injections provide little clinical benefit for postoperative analgesia.
Given that these injections may be associated with irreversible chondrotoxicity, the injections are not presently recommended.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Bowens, Clifford& Sripada, Ramprasad. 2012. Regional Blockade of the Shoulder : Approaches and Outcomes. Anesthesiology Research and Practice،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-512504
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Bowens, Clifford& Sripada, Ramprasad. Regional Blockade of the Shoulder : Approaches and Outcomes. Anesthesiology Research and Practice No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-512504
American Medical Association (AMA)
Bowens, Clifford& Sripada, Ramprasad. Regional Blockade of the Shoulder : Approaches and Outcomes. Anesthesiology Research and Practice. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-12.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-512504
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-512504