Susceptibility status of the malaria vector Anopheles Arabiensis to insecticides in Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract EN

Background : Increasing insecticide resistance in the major anopheline vectors remain the main obstacle for malaria control programs in African countries including Sudan.

Objectives : To assess the susceptibility status of Anopheles arabiensis the malaria vector to different classes of insecticides in Khartoum State.

Materials and Methods : Using WHO procedure, susceptibility tests were conducted on adults of An.arabiensis from nine sentinel sites in Khartoum State.

Mortality rates and knockdown times of insecticides for An.

arabiensis were calculated.

Results : A total of 9745 females of An.arabiensis were tested against the insecticides used.

Populations of An.

arabiensis from Khartoum State was susceptible to only Fenitrothion 1% and Lambdacyhalothrin 0.05 % with overall mean percentage mortalities 99 ± 0.12 and 100 ± 0.45 respectively.

With exception for Bendiocarb, populations of An.

arabiensis from different sentinel sites showed variation in mortality rates for the remaining six tested insecticides.

High tolerance to Bendiocarb was observed in all populations of An.

arabiensis tested and the proven susceptible strain of Dongola colony which indicates inefficiency of the used impregnated papers.

Moreover, the knock down time effect of all insecticide tested for 50 and 95 % of An.

arabiensis varied between populations of sentinel sites with Bendiocarb had the highest ones.

Conclusion : In conclusion, An.

arabiensis the main malaria vector in Khartoum State is mainly susceptible to Fenitrothion, Lambdacyhalothrin.

Therefore, these two insecticides could be the more suitable for indoor residual spraying to control malaria vector (s) in Khartoum State and other part of Sudan.