Ampicillin-cloxacillin antibiotic for prevention of surgical site infections in clean orthopaedic surgeries

Abstract EN

Post-operative surgical site infection pose large health burden and use of prophylactic antibiotics in the surgical treatment is well- established however, the duration and dosage of prophylaxis varies substantially among surgeons.

To assess the prophylactic efficiency of Ampicillin\Cloxacillin (ampiclox) in two antibiotic regimen for prevention of surgical site infection in clean orthopaedic surgery.

This is a prospective observational study conducted for 1 year, 96 patients of either sex of 7-45years age were included in this study.

Forty eight patients receive antibiotic regimen 1 Ampicillin\Cloxacillin vial intravenously 500 mg, 8 injectable doses, the first dose was given during induction of anaesthesia before tourniquet use, followed by every 6 hours dose.

Then oral antibiotic Augmentin (amoxicillin \ clavulinic acid 250 or 500 mg for 5 days) was taken.

In addition, Forty-eight patients received Regimen 2 : Ampicillin\Cloxacillin vial intravenously 500 mg 4 doses, the first dose given during induction of anaesthesia before tourniquet use, followed by every 6 hours dose.

Patients followed up for 3 months.

Postoperatively 6.

24 %of patients treated by regimen 1were infected at day 10 while 10.

41% of patients treated with regimen 2 were infected at day 10.

Type of microorganism involved mostly was Pseudomonas.

As a conclusion, Ampicillin\cloxacillin (ampiclox) is good prophylactic antibiotic to prevent post-operative surgical site infection in clean orthopaedic surgery and may replace the commonly used 1st generation cephalosporin.

Using of Ampicillin\cloxacillin (ampiclox) in four divided doses provide enough post-operative prophylaxis.

Type of infection was commonly superficial and microorganism was commonly pseudomonas