Screening of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‎ genotypes for drought tolerance under field conditions

Other Title(s)

غربلة تراكيب وراثية من حنطة الخبز (Triticum aestivum L.)‎ لتحمل الجفاف تحت ظروف الحقل

Dissertant

al-Tamimi, Hamid Nuri Ghazal

Thesis advisor

al-Sadawi, Ibrahim Shuayb
al-Shahwani, Iyad Wajih Rauf

Comitee Members

al-Shamma, Laith M. J.
al-Araji, Kazim Hashim Yasin
Yunus, Muayyad A.

University

University of Baghdad

Faculty

College of Science

Department

Department of Biology

University Country

Iraq

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2013

English Abstract

Field trial was conducted during the growing season of 2011-2012 at the Research Field, Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University to test the performance of seven cultivars of wheat grown under different soil water stresses.

Several agronomic and physiological traits and yield and yield components of the test cultivars were determined. Field plots (1×2 m) were randomly made in the field equipped with rain fall shelter to avoid rains.

Grains of wheat cultivars were sown manually in their respective plots in rows with a distance of 20cm between rows and at seed rate of 3g per row (150 kg/ha).

The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) under split plot arrangement with five replications.

The cultivars were kept in the sub plot, while water stress treatment was assigned as main plot.

The data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The plots were fertilized by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers as recommended for wheat.

Water stress was applied by irrigated the plots to the soil field capacity then withheld next irrigation until the soil moisture of the respective plots depleted to 50 (control), 25 and 15% of soil field capacity. Results indicated that the water deficit stress significantly reduced yield and yield components of all test cultivars; in most cases, the reduction increased with the increased water stress.

Also, the drought stress significantly reduced biological yield, leaf area, plant height, number of tillers, relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll for leaves, and increased harvest index (HI), proline accumulation in leaves, and protein content of grain. The results also showed significant differences in most of the studied parameters.

Cultivars Rabyaa, Latifiya and Abu-Graib 3 were 11 superior in grain and biological yields and most of yield components (number of spikes/m2, number of grains/spike and 1000-grain weight) compared to other cultivars including Sham 6 and IPA 99 which recorded lower values of these traits.

Subsequent analyses revealed that the superior cultivars (Rabyaa, Latifiya and Abu-Graib 3) exhibited higher leaf area, RWC, plant height, chlorophyll content, proline accumulation and HI compared to Sham 6 and IPA 99 cultivars.

This suggests that the aforementioned characters are useful criteria that may be used for screening wheat genotypes for drought tolerance.

Main Subjects

Botany

Topics

• Irrigation
• Drought
• Iraq
• Wheat

No. of Pages

48

Table of Contents

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

Language

English

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-597971