Genetic detection and pathological finding of BVDV and BHV-1 in camel calves

Abstract EN

The objectives of this study are directed to employ multiplex PCR assay and some virological techniques for detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine herps virus-1 (BHV-1) in clinical samples with clarification of their pathological effects on camel calves.

A total of 124 different types of samples were collected from 43 camel calves (clinically ill n = 28, apparently healthy n = 10 and recently dead camel calves n = 5), from two different localities in Egypt.

All samples were subjected to virological (immunoflurece and immunoperoxidase) and molecular investigation.

Tissue samples from recently dead animals were subjected to histopathological studies.

BHV-1 was detected in 6(13.95 %) using immunoflurece versus to 7(16.27 %) by immunoperoxidase while BVDV was detected with same percentage (11.62 %) in both techniques.

Results of PCR demonstrated a specific amplicon of 389bp indicating the presence of BHV-1 in 8(21.21 %) out of examined 33 clinically ill animals.

While successful amplification of 288bp indicating the presence of BVDV in 6 (13.95 %) out of total 43 animals under investigation.

Histopathological examinations revealed encephalitis and necrosis in the brain with interstitial lymphocytic pneumonia.

Lymphocytic portal hepatitis, hyperplasia of spleen follicles, ulcerative enteritis and hemorrhagic lymphadenitis were observed.

Results concluded that the use of multiplex PCR can be a rapid cost-effective way for simultaneous detection so that consider a valuable practical diagnostic tool for BVDV and BHV-1 in clinical samples.

Immunoflurecent and immunoperoxidase regard as simple confirmative tools for identification of both viruses.

This study confirmed the lesions in several organs of camel calves infected with BVD and BHV-1.