Caudal bupivacaine plus ketamine compared with bupivacaine plus tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children
Joint Authors
Abd al-Rahman, Rida S.
al-Daba, Ahmad A.
Source
Ain Shams Journal of Anesthesiology
Issue
Vol. 8, Issue 3 (30 Sep. 2015), pp.396-401, 6 p.
Publisher
Ain Shams University Faculty of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology
Publication Date
2015-09-30
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
6
Main Subjects
Topics
Abstract EN
Background Caudal epidural block has been used commonly in pediatric postoperative pain management.
However, the analgesic effect of caudal of bupivacaine lasts for 4–12 h.
Aim The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effi cacy of the coadministration of tramadol (2 mg/kg) and ketamine (0.25 mg/kg) on the duration of caudal block produced by 0.25% bupivacaine 0.75 ml/kg on postoperative pain after an elective subumbilical surgery in children.
Settings and design This is a controlled, randomized, single-blinded study.
Patients and methods This study was carried out on 40 children between 2 and 12 years of age, ASA grade 1, of both sexes in Tanta University after obtaining the approval of the local hospital organization and parents’ consent.
The patients were divided into two equal groups.
The patients in the bupivacaine plus ketamine group (group 1) received caudal bupivacaine 0.25%, 0.75 ml/kg mixed with ketamine 0.25 mg/kg, diluted in a 0.9% NaCl solution to a total volume of 1 ml/ kg.
The patients in the bupivacaine plus tramadol group (group 2) were administered caudal bupivacaine 0.25%, 0.75 ml/kg mixed with tramadol 2 mg/kg, diluted in a 0.9% NaCl solution to a total volume of 1 ml/kg.
Statistical analysis Mean and SD were calculated as numerical data.
Continuous variables were compared using the unpaired Student’s t-test.
Nominal nonparametric data were analyzed using the χ2-test.
Results Patients were monitored over the fi rst 24 h postoperatively to assess analgesia using the All India Institute of Medical Science (AIIMS) objective pain discomfort scale and associated hemodynamic and respiratory changes.
Our results showed that the addition of tramadol in group 2 signifi cantly prolonged the analgesic effect of bupivacaine; also, there was hemodynamic stability and pain scores indicated minimal pain.
Conclusion Caudal epidural tramadol has been proven to be safe at the concentration used and to prolong bupivacaine’s analgesic duration postoperatively in children.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Abd al-Rahman, Rida S.& al-Daba, Ahmad A.. 2015. Caudal bupivacaine plus ketamine compared with bupivacaine plus tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children. Ain Shams Journal of Anesthesiology،Vol. 8, no. 3, pp.396-401.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-650887
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Abd al-Rahman, Rida S.& al-Daba, Ahmad A.. Caudal bupivacaine plus ketamine compared with bupivacaine plus tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children. Ain Shams Journal of Anesthesiology Vol. 8, no. 3 (Jul. / Sep. 2015), pp.396-401.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-650887
American Medical Association (AMA)
Abd al-Rahman, Rida S.& al-Daba, Ahmad A.. Caudal bupivacaine plus ketamine compared with bupivacaine plus tramadol for postoperative analgesia in children. Ain Shams Journal of Anesthesiology. 2015. Vol. 8, no. 3, pp.396-401.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-650887
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references : p. 400-401
Record ID
BIM-650887