تقيم كفاءة مستخلص نبات Aloe vera في مقاومة التعفن الفطري على ثمار الخيار و الطماطة بعد الجني

Abstract EN

This study included isolation and diagnose the fungi causing damage and rot on cucumber and tomato fruits after harvest to determine the best concentration of Aloe vera extract that inhibits fungal growth and sporulation compared with cold and hot extract in this respect .The ability of this extract was studied in protecting of tomato and cucumbers fruits under laboratory.

Alternaria alternata , Drechslera australiensis , Fusarium pseudoanthophilum and Pythium aphanidermatum were isolated from tomato and cucumbers fruits showed symptoms .

The fungus F.

pseudoanthophilum was recorded for the first time in Iraq as causer of tomato and cucumber fruits rot .

Aspergillus niger , A.

oryzae , A.

terreus and Penicillium chrysogenum fungi were isolated from fruits surfaces by dilution method .

Results revealed that all concentrations of Aloe vera extract inhibited the germination percentage of air carried spores which highly inhibited by using a concentration of 20% giving 1.95 and 2.95 after 24 and 48 hours compared to the control treatment which gave 16.05 and 20.6 respectively.

Results showed that cold extract was better than hot extract in terms of tested fungi inhibition where inhibition percentage to cold extract was 82.53 % as compared to hot extract treatment was73.49 % .

Results of applied experiments revealed the ability to use Aloe vera extraction in protecting tomatoes and cucumber fruits from infection with rot after harvest within lab.

condition .The growth rat of A.alternata , D.australiensis , F.pseudoanthophilum and P.aphanidermatum after 10 days from treatment with Aloe vera extraction using dipping method after harvest was 0.09 , 0.09 , 0.10 and 0.11 cm respectively where spraying fruits with Aloe vera extraction before harvest ( pre harvest) gave average growth 0.11 , 0.09 , 0.13 and 0.30 cm, respectively compared to the blank treatments which were 0.31 , 0.29, 0.51 and 0.96 cm respectively.

At the treatment of wounded fruits treated with Aloe vera .

fungal growth was inhibited , the average fungal growth were 0.00 cm as compared with control 0.12 cm .

Results also indicated that, dipping treatments were superior as compared with the foliar application in the treats before of fruits protecting before harvesting