Shariah appraisal of the concepts of daman, taqsur, and taaddi in trust-based contracts : Uqud al-amanat

Abstract AR

The study aims to examine the concepts of ḍamān (guarantee), taqṣīr (negligence) and taʿaddī (transgression) from Sharīʿah point of view and their relations with both trust-based contracts (ʿuqūd al-amānāt) and guarantee-based contracts (ʿuqūd al-ḍamānāt).

The study conducted the qualitative research approaches which consist of documents analysis, interviews and observations in few phases.

The study found that the fiduciary possessor should be held liable in a few cases; however it does not mean that it transformed the contract into a guarantee-based contract (ʿaqd al-ḍamānah) as it was under the rubric of ḍamān al-itlāf (indemnity for damage) or ḍamān al-yad (liability arising from possession on trust).