Serum lipid profile in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in relation to metabolic syndrome : a case control study

Abstract EN

Background and objectives Dyslipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

It commonly coexists with hypertension, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

The objective is to study the trends of serum lipid profile among subjects with type 2 diabetes and/or arterial hypertension in relation to metabolic syndrome.

Methods A case control study involved 256 subjects with lone type 2 diabetes, 205 subjects with concurrent type 2 diabetes/hypertension, 173 subjects with lone hypertension and 250 controls attending Al-Zahrawi Private Hospital, Mosul, Iraq from 1st June to 31st December 2011.

Fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and lipid profile parameters were estimated and the data were analyzed statistically.

Results According to WHO criteria, metabolic syndrome constituted 34.4% of the enrolled hypertensives in concurrent type 2 diabetes/hypertension and 30.6% of the enrolled diabetics in lone type 2diabetes and concurrent type 2 diabetes/hypertension.

The mean ages of the different study groups were similar.

The means of body mass indices, glycemic control, blood pressures, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol and the total cholesterol/ high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio of all the groups were significantly higher than controls.

The mean triglycerides level of subjects with lone type 2 diabetes and concurrent type 2 diabetes/hypertension were higher than the controls and the mean of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was only, significantly, low in concurrent type 2 diabetes/hypertension subjects in comparison with the controls.

Conclusions Concurrent type 2 diabetes and hypertension adds the risk of exaggerating dyslipidemia in addition to their own potential cardiovascular risk.

This is specially prominent when both are part of metabolic syndrome.