Evaluation of promising mutant lines of canola grown under new reclamation lands (Harsh Lands)‎

Abstract EN

Canola seed lots of four varieties (Serow4, Serow6, Pactol as local cultivars and Evita as exotic variety) were treated with gamma rays at four doses (0, 100, 400 and 600 Gy).

The present study aims to evaluate useful mutations in canola which possess high seed yield and oil content under new reclamation desert land at Ras-Suder-Sinai (saline) and Inshas (harsh and poor fertility) in M4 and M5 generations.

The results at M4 and M5 generations showed that the 13 -selected mutant lines on the bases of number of pods and seed yield/plant differed in their yield response according to environmental conditions.

Over the two locations, the highest number of pods| plant and seed yield was found at line 75 (M4) and line 11 for seed yield and line 78 for number of pods in M5 compared to other genotypes.

Moreover, all the mutant lines compared to their parents showed significant or insignificant increases for all studies traits during the two successive generations.

Over the two generations, the highest mean value compared to all genotypes was found in line 22 for plant height at Sudr and line 11 at Inshas , for fruiting zone length, the highest value was noticed in line 18 at Sudr and line 75 at Inshas ,for the highest number of pods, (125 / plant) it was found in line 63 at Sudr and (193/plant) in line 75 at Inshas which reflected the highest seed yield (8 g/plant).The highest mean value compared to all genotypes was found for 100 seed-weight in line 8 at Sudr and line 11 at Inshas which appeared the highest seed yield at Suder.

Over all studied conditions, the mutant line 75 derived from Evita variety was characterized by the highest mean values for fruiting zone length of plant and number of pods / plant, reflecting a high seed yield ( 6.47 g /plant) or about 83.87% over its parent.

The increase of seed yield /plant for mutant line 11 over its parent was about 68.8% followed by line 8 surpassed its parent for seed yield by about 60.2 %.

The oil content of canola seeds in five mutant lines ( line 10, line22, line 66 , line 74 and line 75 ) significantly increased as compared to the oil content of their parents.

Promising mutant lines 11 and 75 had the highest mean values for seed yield and its components over all studied factors (location and generations).

Meanwhile, mutant line 11 deviated to cultivate at Ras-Suder and mutant line 75 at Inshas region.