Incidence of blood stream infection in neonate care unit in Suleiman pediatric teaching hospital

Abstract EN

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the incidence of nosocomial blood stream infections, identify the common bacteria, their biotypes and antibiotic sensitivity patterns and to identify the probable exogenous source, from the environment and personnel, leading to such infections.

METHODOLOGY: Two hundred and two (202) neonates were included in this study which was carried out in the Neonatal care unit- Sulaimani Pediatric Hospital in Sulaimani-Kurdistan Region - Iraq from July to December 2008 RESULTS: There were 102 female and 100 male, the most common cause of disease were, Jaundice 95 (47%) followed by cyanosis 32 (15.8%), septicemia 15 (7.4%), diarrhea and vomiting.

The mortality rate was increased as the neonate weight decreased.

Environmental samples were collected from floor and walls, beds, sinks, tap water, disinfectants, ventilator and suction pumps, swab were also taken from hands, nasal cavity and coats of the Nurses.

Suction pump and nurse coats showed the highest rate of bacterial contamination (14 isolates for each).

During the study period, 15 patients developed 15 episodes of confirmed nosocomial blood stream infection (NBI), accounting for an incidence rate of 7.4%, five different bacterial species were identified from blood samples, and all the infections were monomicrobial.

The most common organisms causing nosocomial blood stream infection were E coli (6 isolates), P.

aeroginos, (4 isolates), E.

cloacae (2 isolates), S.

aureas (2 isolates) and Citrobactr frundii (1 isolate).

CONCLUSION: Understanding these risk factors and adjusting clinical practice to reduce the risk may reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and improve outcomes, more continuing medical education programmes are needed for the health care team to improve their competence.