دور الأندلس الإسلامية في تنوع المنتوج الزراعي و الصناعي في الممالك المسيحية فيما بين سنتي (138-897 ه 756-1492 م)‎

Abstract EN

The article deals with the keenness of the Islamic Andalus rules to introduce many agricultural and industrial experiments from Mashreq and Maghreb into the Iberian peninsula starting from the emirate era until the kingdom of Bani Al-Ahmar ; and how have these experiments influenced the Christians kingdoms ,where they were transformed from barren desert into a vast gardens thus, the letter of Ibn Al Awam has remained the only one reference in the Spanish agriculture for a long time.