المراحل التاريخية لتطور التنبؤ الجوي في العراق

Abstract EN

This research paper sheds light on the stages of Atmospheric forecast in Iraq.

It was found that atmospheric forecast in Iraq has passed through several successive and interrelated historical stages.

Each stage is characterized by special methods of prediction that are different from other stages.

The oldest stages used astronomy to forecasting cases of cold , heat, flood and drought.

In the second stage, which appeared during the Arabic-Islamic civilization, standard climatic proverbs appeared through which very important climatic information were mentioned.

The second stage was followed by a more recent stage during which popular climatic proverbs appeared .

The latter stage was a very important stage where people, through direct interaction with the environment, were able to formulate many proverbs that indicated what it would be like each month of the year, in terms of being rainy month or dry month, hot month or cold month.

As for the last stage, it was characterized by using modern devices to measure elements of climate, drawing weather maps and using satellite images.