Attenuation of acetone induced liver and kidney injury by ginger and turmeric root powder in chickens

Abstract EN

Ginger and turmeric are commonly used in food as spices with wellreported antioxidant activity.

However, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects of ginger and turmeric have not been adequately studied.

Therefore, the current study used chicken model with acetone induced liver and kidney injuries to evaluate the hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of ginger and turmeric because metabolic functions of chicken and human liver is similar.

Eighty cocks were randomized into 5 experimental groups of chicks.

The first one served as control.

While the second group was received 350mg acetone/kg body weight (given in drinking water) per day for 30 days.

The third, fourth and fifth groups were received ginger, turmeric and mix of ginger and turmeric by1% in food respectively after treatment with acetone.

Hematological parameters, liver and renal function tests, hepatic oxidative stress enzymes, as well as, histopathological examination scores were determined.

Results indicated that, administration of acetone induces alteration in various hematological parameters, hepatic enzymes and hepatic oxidative stress enzymes in chickens.

Dietary supplementation of ginger (GEN) and turmeric (TUR) caused a significant amelioration in some hematological parameters in acetone treated chickens.

GEN and TUR treatments could reduce damage induced by acetone in alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glucose, total protein and their fractions levels.

Furthermore, acetone promoted a significant increase in urea, uric acid and creatinine levels, while treatment with GEN or TUR or GEN+TUR at the same time of treatment with acetone maintained urea and uric acid concentrations at a level similar to the control group.

Interestingly, GEN, TUR and GEN+ TUR treatments significantly ameliorated effects of acetone on chickens by improving the levels of the main antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase SOD, glutathione-S-transferase GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) a reliable marker of lipid peroxidation in the cells.

Histologically, acetone appeared to be hepatotoxic in chick's.

Hepatocytes were sensitive to the treatment with acetone and contained large number of congested blood vesicles, cytoplasmic vacuoles, pyknotic nuclei, and lymphocytic infiltration in treated animals.

Turmeric and ginger treatments improved the vast majority of hepatic changes.

Our findings broadly confirmed that, the supplementation of ginger and turmeric significantly alleviated liver and kidney functions, hema tological parameters, as well as, hepatic oxidative stress enzymes and may haveapplications in the field of hepatoprotective drug development.