دور الخلفاء الفاطميين في إرساء قواعد التعايش السلمي مع الأقباط في المجتمع المصري

Abstract EN

The historical studies that dealt with peaceful co-existence between Muslims and the people of the world , varied .

this subject has a most importance effect from the social side.

therefore , the researchers and historians of ancient times shall study this side , then their interest increased over time as a result to risk and severity of the challenges that the world faced in general and Arab world in particular.

in the period preceded the establishment of Fatimid state , Copts enjoyed a high status in the Egyptian society where they had a freedom in work in different position of the state as they enjoyed free of exercise their religion believes and building their own worship places.

after Fatimid Caliphate extended to Egypt and Levant ( 358 A.H- 567A.H \ 969 A.d – 9179A.D) Fatimid caliphs followed the policy of religion tolerance with all people of the State and not only with Copts , they allowed all people to participate in service this State in different fields , provided that the person shall have honesty and loyalty to the state , as well as ability and efficiency.

this policy had its results on Egypt which enjoyed calm and stability , Copts Muslims participated in their religion celebrations which was attended by Fatimid caliphs and senior state officials , they were spending a lot of money to secure supplies of that celebrations of food , drink and other .

they were providing a necessary protection to Copts of soldiers and others in anticipation of any emergency ,where they followed them till the celebrations and religion rites ended and they did not prevented them only in very poor cases and for particular reasons as misbehavior made by group of Copts and other reasons.

they were briefly prevented and then allowed to celebrate their holidays again, the Copts also participated Muslims in their holidays and religious celebrations as Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, al-Adha, the prophet's birth and the tenth of muharram , the Copts also participated in the celebration that was held on the occasion of the creation of the plugs, which is an important event in the Egyptian society the Copts shared with the rest people of the society in the tribulations that were going through the country, especially low levels of Nile or the illness of a princes, they went out with Muslims to pray carrying their holy books and beseeching to Allah to lift their distress.

it is possible to say that the policy pursued by the Fatimid caliphs and their attempts to find a peaceful atmosphere for all their subjects was a key factor in the enjoyment of freedom by the Copts and other sects and lived together in harmony.

the research showed the situation of dhimmis before the extension of the Fatimid caliphate to Egypt and their situation after the coming of Fatimid's and their participation in the Muslims in their holidays and celebrations .

as they participated Muslims Copts in their holidays , occasions and freedom enjoyed by the Copts in the construction and renovation of their churches and performing religious rituals.