Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis
Author
Source
Issue
Vol. 2010, Issue 2010 (31 Dec. 2009), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2009-12-21
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Salmonid cryptobiosis is caused by the haemoflagellate, Cryptobia salmositica.
Clinical signs of the disease in salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) include exophthalmia, general oedema, abdominal distension with ascites, anaemia, and anorexia.
The disease-causing factor is a metalloprotease and the monoclonal antibody (mAb-001) against it is therapeutic.
MAb-001 does not fix complement but agglutinates the parasite.
Some brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis cannot be infected (Cryptobia-resistant); this resistance is controlled by a dominant Mendelian locus and is inherited.
In Cryptobia-resistant charr the pathogen is lysed via the Alternative Pathway of Complement Activation.
However, some charr can be infected and they have high parasitaemias with no disease (Cryptobia-tolerant).
In infected Cryptobia-tolerant charr the metalloprotease is neutralized by a natural antiprotease, α2 macroglobulin.
Two vaccines have been developed.
A single dose of the attenuated vaccine protects 100% of salmonids (juveniles and adults) for at least 24 months.
Complement fixing antibody production and cell-mediated response in vaccinated fish rise significantly after challenge.
Fish injected with the DNA vaccine initially have slight anaemias but they recover and have agglutinating antibodies.
On challenge, DNA-vaccinated fish have lower parasitaemias, delayed peak parasitaemias and faster recoveries.
Isometamidium chloride is therapeutic against the pathogen and its effectiveness is increased after conjugation to antibodies.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Woo, Patrick T. K.. 2009. Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2010, no. 2010, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-988868
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Woo, Patrick T. K.. Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis. BioMed Research International No. 2010 (Dec. 2010), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-988868
American Medical Association (AMA)
Woo, Patrick T. K.. Immunological and Therapeutic Strategies against Salmonid Cryptobiosis. BioMed Research International. 2009. Vol. 2010, no. 2010, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-988868
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-988868