The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Sepsis

Abstract EN

Severe sepsis and septic shock are still deadly conditions urging to develop novel therapies.

A better understanding of the complex modifications of the immune system of septic patients is needed for the development of innovative immunointerventions.

Natural killer (NK) cells are characterized as CD3−NKp46+CD56+ cells that can be cytotoxic and/or produce high amounts of cytokines such as IFN-γ.

NK cells are also engaged in crosstalks with other immune cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils.

During the early stage of septic shock, NK cells may play a key role in the promotion of the systemic inflammation, as suggested in mice models.

Alternatively, at a later stage, NK cells-acquired dysfunction could favor nosocomial infections and mortality.

Standardized biological tools defining patients' NK cell status during the different stages of sepsis are mandatory to guide potential immuno-interventions.

Herein, we review the potential role of NK cells during severe sepsis and septic shock.