Vitamin D and Bone Disease

الملخص EN

Vitamin D is important for normal development and maintenance of the skeleton.

Hypovitaminosis D adversely affects calcium metabolism, osteoblastic activity, matrix ossification, bone remodeling and bone density.

It is well known that Vit.

D deficiency in the developing skeleton is related to rickets, while in adults is related to osteomalacia.

The causes of rickets include conditions that lead to hypocalcemia and/or hypophosphatemia, either isolated or secondary to vitamin D deficiency.

In osteomalacia, Vit.

D deficiency leads to impairment of the mineralisation phase of bone remodeling and thus an increasing amount of the skeleton being replaced by unmineralized osteoid.

The relationship between Vit.

D and bone mineral density and osteoporosis are still controversial while new evidence suggests that Vit.

D may play a role in other bone conditions such as osteoarthritis and stress fractures.

In order to maintain a “good bone health” guidelines concerning the recommended dietary intakes should be followed and screening for Vit.

D deficiency in individuals at risk for deficiency is required, followed by the appropriate action.