Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Insufficiency, Visual Symptoms, and Astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Students
المؤلفون المشاركون
Davis, Amy L.
Harvey, Erin M.
Twelker, J. Daniel
Miller, Joseph M.
Leonard-Green, Tina
Campus, Irene
المصدر
العدد
المجلد 2016، العدد 2016 (31 ديسمبر/كانون الأول 2016)، ص ص. 1-7، 7ص.
الناشر
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
تاريخ النشر
2016-07-20
دولة النشر
مصر
عدد الصفحات
7
التخصصات الرئيسية
الملخص EN
Purpose.
To determine rate of convergence insufficiency (CI) and accommodative insufficiency (AI) and assess the relation between CI, AI, visual symptoms, and astigmatism in school-age children.
Methods.
3rd–8th-grade students completed the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey (CISS) and binocular vision testing with correction if prescribed.
Students were categorized by astigmatism magnitude (no/low: <1.00 D, moderate: 1.00 D to <3.00 D, and high: ≥3.00 D), presence/absence of clinical signs of CI and AI, and presence of symptoms.
Analyses determine rate of clinical CI and AI and symptomatic CI and AI and assessed the relation between CI, AI, visual symptoms, and astigmatism.
Results.
In the sample of 484 students (11.67 ± 1.81 years of age), rate of symptomatic CI was 6.2% and symptomatic AI 18.2%.
AI was more common in students with CI than without CI.
Students with AI only ( p = 0.02 ) and with CI and AI ( p = 0.001 ) had higher symptom scores than students with neither CI nor AI.
Moderate and high astigmats were not at increased risk for CI or AI.
Conclusions.
With-the-rule astigmats are not at increased risk for CI or AI.
High comorbidity rates of CI and AI and higher symptoms scores with AI suggest that research is needed to determine symptomatology specific to CI.
نمط استشهاد جمعية علماء النفس الأمريكية (APA)
Davis, Amy L.& Harvey, Erin M.& Twelker, J. Daniel& Miller, Joseph M.& Leonard-Green, Tina& Campus, Irene. 2016. Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Insufficiency, Visual Symptoms, and Astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Students. Journal of Ophthalmology،Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1110040
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الأمريكية للغات الحديثة (MLA)
Davis, Amy L.…[et al.]. Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Insufficiency, Visual Symptoms, and Astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Students. Journal of Ophthalmology No. 2016 (2016), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1110040
نمط استشهاد الجمعية الطبية الأمريكية (AMA)
Davis, Amy L.& Harvey, Erin M.& Twelker, J. Daniel& Miller, Joseph M.& Leonard-Green, Tina& Campus, Irene. Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Insufficiency, Visual Symptoms, and Astigmatism in Tohono O’odham Students. Journal of Ophthalmology. 2016. Vol. 2016, no. 2016, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1110040
نوع البيانات
مقالات
لغة النص
الإنجليزية
الملاحظات
Includes bibliographical references
رقم السجل
BIM-1110040
قاعدة معامل التأثير والاستشهادات المرجعية العربي "ارسيف Arcif"
أضخم قاعدة بيانات عربية للاستشهادات المرجعية للمجلات العلمية المحكمة الصادرة في العالم العربي
تقوم هذه الخدمة بالتحقق من التشابه أو الانتحال في الأبحاث والمقالات العلمية والأطروحات الجامعية والكتب والأبحاث باللغة العربية، وتحديد درجة التشابه أو أصالة الأعمال البحثية وحماية ملكيتها الفكرية. تعرف اكثر