Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Exhaustion during Treatment for Hematological Malignancies

الملخص EN

Immunotherapy, especially based on chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, has achieved prominent success in the treatment of hematological malignancies.

However, approximately 30-50% of patients will have disease relapse following remission after receiving CD19-targeting CAR-T cells, with failure of maintaining a long-term effect.

Mechanisms underlying CAR-T therapy inefficiency consist of loss or modulation of target antigen and CAR-T cell poor persistence which mostly results from T cell exhaustion.

The unique features and restoration strategies of exhausted T cells (Tex) have been well described in solid tumors.

However, the overview associated with CAR-T cell exhaustion is relatively rare in hematological malignancies.

In this review, we summarize the characteristics, cellular, and molecular mechanisms of Tex cells as well as approaches to reverse CAR-T cell exhaustion in hematological malignancies, providing novel strategies for immunotherapies.