قياس التفاؤل المكتسب لدى طلبة الصف السادس الإعدادي

الملخص EN

The current research aim to measure learned optimism, and the difference between gender and specialization in learned optimism among sixth-grade students of middle school, and the researchers relied on the descriptive correlative approach.

the researchers built a measure of learned optimism based on seligman's theory (1990).

its initial form consisted of (20) paragraphs, and the validity and reliability of the scale were verified, and the research sample consisted of (400) students both male and female distributed among the preparatory schools for the sixth preparatory grade.