Polymorphism between five local chicken in Erbil using RAPD markers

الملخص EN

A total of 42 chickens representing White, Brown , Black , Black with Brown neck , Bronze, (twenty five male and Seventeen female) Blood samples were collected from the five local chicken populations.

Blood samples from indigenous chicken populations were collected , and stored at –20°C .

Genomic DNA was extracted from 300 μl of blood .DNA purity and concentrations have been measured by Nano Drop® spectrophotometer .The purity of DNA samples ranged from 1.6 up to 1.9.

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) was done by using 21 primers .

the PCR reaction had a final volume of 25 μl .

The PCR programmer included an initial denaturation step at 94°C for 5 minutes followed by 40 cycles with 94°C for 1 minutes for DNA denaturation, annealing as mentioned with each primer, extension at 72 _C for 1 minutes and final extension at 72 _C for 5 minutes were carried out.

The PCR products were tested with electrophoresis on 2 % agarose .

The amplified pattern was visualized on a UV transi and photographed .The RAPD bands were scored for their presence (1) or absence (0).

The index of similarity , Genetic distance between each two populations was calculated.

Polymorphism of each primer was calculated.

A total of 2264 loci ranging between 110 and 1900 bp were amplified.

The Primer named OPA-13 amplified a large number of DNA segments from all populations (190 bands).

Primer named OPA-15 amplified a lowest number of DNA segments from all populations (54 bands).

The RAPD profiles of the five local chicken populations were compared, The Primer OPQ-O4 has the highest number of polymorphic band were 23 band.

While the Primer OPA-15 possessed the lowest number of polymorphic band were 7 band.

The highest percentage of the Polymorphisms observed in the primer OPQ-11, a 19.77 when compared with other primers in this study, where the lowest percentage of Polymorphisms was in primer of OPA-01 was 9.48..In this study, a high level of genetic Similarity observed among the chickens was found among the ♂Black and ♀Black its 0.813.

a low level of genetic Similarity is 0.278 was found among the ♂Brown and ♀Black