إشكالية التوفيق بين الفلسفة و الدين عند القديس توما الأكويني

الملخص EN

Aquinas believes that philosophy and religion are separated.

Their sources are different from each other.

Philosophy’s source is mind and religion’s source is revelation and the second is more noble than the first that’s why it uses philosophy and other sciences and it doesn’t derive its principles from any science.

Despite this difference, they are not contradictory, because seeing the whole philosophy could be almost guided to knowing God.

And from here that was a common field between philosophy and religion which was the natural theology.

The philosophy can’t contrast religion because it depends on mind’s principles which are innate and evident and, therefore it is true.

The theology is true itself because God’s revelation is not a lie.

Despite the role that Aquinas gave to mind in theology, but he believes that mind has limits, because it‘s incapable and it can’t exceed the facts beyond the human nature like” what God is.” But, what we can’t recognize with mind doesn’t mean it’s not true .So, if there is a contradiction between them, man should look for the error in philosophy.

From here Aquinas does not take the opinion of Aristotle, nor the results of mental research in fields up on which the Christian theology has decided , such as the creation of the world, not even dare to use mental proof in unclear issues such as triangulation.

The advance of Aquinas thanks to mind’s data, is an advance predetermined by the religion.

The proof of this, he often interpreted Aristotle in a way that is compatible with Christian theology, even if this interpretation is wrong.