Evaluation of a Smoking Cessation Program for HIV Infected Individuals in an Urban HIV Clinic: Challenges and Lessons Learned

Abstract EN

HIV infected persons have high prevalence of smoking and tobacco-associated health risks.

Few studies describe smoking cessation programs targeting this population.

The Infectious Disease Practice (IDP) in Newark, New Jersey, initiated a smoking cessation program (SCP) for HIV infected smokers.

We report participation, abstinence rates, and predictors of abstinence.

Methods.

This is a prospective cohort study, comparing participants to non-SCP smokers, during April 1, 2011, to October 31, 2012.

Intervention included one individualized counseling session with an offer of pharmacotherapy.

Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with self-reported seven-day point prevalence abstinence at six months as primary outcome measure.

Results.

Among 1545 IDP patients, 774 (51%) were current smokers of whom 123 (16%) participated in the SCP.

Mean six-month abstinence rate amongst SCP participants was 16%.

A history of cocaine or heroin use was predictive of continued smoking (odds ratio [OR] adjusted 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07–0.55) while smokers in the preparation stage of change were more likely abstinent at six months (OR adjusted 8.26, 95% CI 1.02–66.67).

Conclusions.

A low-intensity smoking cessation intervention in an HIV treatment setting is effective in a minority of participants.

Further research is needed to better address barriers to smoking cessation such as substance use.