The Antitumor Activity of Antrodia camphorata in Melanoma Cells: Modulation of Wntβ-Catenin Signaling Pathways

Abstract EN

Antrodia camphorata (AC) is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicine.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a fermented culture broth of AC could inhibit melanoma proliferation and progression via suppression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

In this study, we observed that AC treatment resulted in decreased cell viability and disturbed Wnt/β-catenin cascade in B16F10 and/or B16F1 melanoma cells.

This result was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of Wnt/β-catenin transcriptional targets, including c-Myc and survivin.

Furthermore, treatment of melanoma cells with AC resulted in a significant increase in apoptosis, which was associated with DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release, caspase-9 and -3 activation, PARP degradation, Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation, and p53 expression.

We also observed that AC caused G1 phase arrest mediated by a downregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 and increased p21 and p27 expression.

In addition, we demonstrated that non- and subcytotoxic concentrations of AC markedly inhibited migration and invasion of highly metastatic B16F10 cells.

The antimetastatic effect of AC was further confirmed by reductions in the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF expression.

These results suggest that Antrodia camphorata may exert antitumor activity by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathways.