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The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimising Okara Soap Formulation for Stratum Corneum Application
Joint Authors
Borhan, Farrah Payyadhah
Abd Gani, Siti Salwa
Shamsuddin, Rosnah
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-12-08
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Medicine
Information Technology and Computer Science
Abstract EN
Okara, soybean waste from tofu and soymilk production, was utilised as a natural antioxidant in soap formulation for stratum corneum application.
D-optimal mixture design was employed to investigate the influence of the main compositions of okara soap containing different fatty acid and oils (virgin coconut oil A (24–28% w/w), olive oil B (15–20% w/w), palm oil C (6–10% w/w), castor oil D (15–20% w/w), cocoa butter E (6–10% w/w), and okara F (2–7% w/w)) by saponification process on the response hardness of the soap.
The experimental data were utilized to carry out analysis of variance (ANOVA) and to develop a polynomial regression model for okara soap hardness in terms of the six design factors considered in this study.
Results revealed that the best mixture was the formulation that included 26.537% A, 19.999% B, 9.998% C, 16.241% D, 7.633% E, and 7.000% F.
The results proved that the difference in the level of fatty acid and oils in the formulation significantly affects the hardness of soap.
Depending on the desirable level of those six variables, creation of okara based soap with desirable properties better than those of commercial ones is possible.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Borhan, Farrah Payyadhah& Abd Gani, Siti Salwa& Shamsuddin, Rosnah. 2014. The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimising Okara Soap Formulation for Stratum Corneum Application. The Scientific World Journal،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1048592
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Borhan, Farrah Payyadhah…[et al.]. The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimising Okara Soap Formulation for Stratum Corneum Application. The Scientific World Journal No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1048592
American Medical Association (AMA)
Borhan, Farrah Payyadhah& Abd Gani, Siti Salwa& Shamsuddin, Rosnah. The Use of D-Optimal Mixture Design in Optimising Okara Soap Formulation for Stratum Corneum Application. The Scientific World Journal. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1048592
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1048592