An Adverse Drug Reaction to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Revealing Primary HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review
Joint Authors
Meyer, Charles
Behm, Nicole
Brown, Emily
Copeland, Nathanial K.
Sklar, Marvin J.
Source
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases
Issue
Vol. 2015, Issue 2015 (31 Dec. 2015), pp.1-4, 4 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2015-12-21
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
4
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antibiotics complicate the management of any infection, particularly opportunistic infections in advanced HIV as some ADRs are potentiated by HIV.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) causes ADRs in 40–80% of HIV infected individuals, compared to 3–5% in the general population.
The incidence and severity of ADRs among HIV infected individuals appear to increase as they progress from latent infection to AIDS.
We present a single case report of a 55-year-old African American male found to have an otherwise asymptomatic acute HIV infection who developed an ADR to TMP-SMX, despite having previously tolerating the medication.
The proposed mechanisms for the increased incidence of sulfa hypersensitivity reactions among HIV infected individuals focus on either (1) HIV-induced changes in the immune function driven by falling levels of CD4 cells or (2) other HIV-specific factors correlated with rising viral load.
To our knowledge this is the first reported case of new sulfa hypersensitivity in primary HIV and may provide clinical evidence to support the correlation between viral load and ADRs to TMP-SMX without a severely diminished CD4 count, though further research is necessary.
This case also demonstrates a rare and easily overlooked presentation of HIV that may aid in early diagnosis.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Meyer, Charles& Behm, Nicole& Brown, Emily& Copeland, Nathanial K.& Sklar, Marvin J.. 2015. An Adverse Drug Reaction to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Revealing Primary HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases،Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1058744
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Meyer, Charles…[et al.]. An Adverse Drug Reaction to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Revealing Primary HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases No. 2015 (2015), pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1058744
American Medical Association (AMA)
Meyer, Charles& Behm, Nicole& Brown, Emily& Copeland, Nathanial K.& Sklar, Marvin J.. An Adverse Drug Reaction to Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Revealing Primary HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review. Case Reports in Infectious Diseases. 2015. Vol. 2015, no. 2015, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1058744
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1058744