Anti-Inflammatory Property of Plantago major Leaf Extract Reduces the Inflammatory Reaction in Experimental Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

Abstract EN

Hepatic injury induces inflammatory process and cell necrosis.

Plantago major is traditionally used for various diseases.

This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory property of P.

major leaf extracts on inflammatory reaction following acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity.

Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups, namely, normal control (C), APAP, aqueous (APAP + AQ), methanol (APAP + MT), and ethanol (APAP + ET) extract treated groups.

All APAP groups received oral APAP (2 g/kg) at day 0.

Then, 1000 mg/kg dose of P.

major extracts was given for six days.

The levels of liver transaminases were measured at day 1 and day 7 after APAP induction.

At day 7, the blood and liver tissue were collected to determine plasma cytokines and tissue 11β-HSD type 1 enzyme.

The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were 26.74 ± 1.6%, 21.69 ± 2.81%, and 12.23 ± 3.15%, respectively.

The ALT and AST levels were significantly higher in the APAP groups at day 1 whereas the enzyme levels of all groups showed no significant difference at day 7.

The extracts treatment significantly reduced the proinflammatory cytokine levels and significantly increased the 11β-HSD type 1 enzyme activity (p<0.05).

In conclusion, the P.

major extracts attenuate the inflammatory reaction following APAP-induced liver injury.