Nucleotide Analogue-Related Proximal Renal Tubular Dysfunction during Long-Term Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract EN

Background.

There have been few reports of nucleotide analogue-related renal tubular dysfunction (RTD) in CHB patients.

We assessed the prevalence and presentation of nucleotide analogue-related proximal RTD.

Methods.

A cross-sectional study was performed in CHB patients taking nucleotide analogues.

Inclusion criteria were patients who were on adefovir or tenofovir as mono- or add-on therapy with lamivudine (LAM) >1 year.

Serum and urine were collected.

Fractional excretion of phosphate (FEPO4), uric acid (FEUA), and potassium was calculated.

Renal losses were defined based on the criteria: protein (24-hour urine protein >150 mg), glucose (glycosuria with normoglycemia), phosphate (FEPO4 >18%), uric acid (FEUA >15%), potassium (renal potassium losses with hypokalemia), and bicarbonate (normal gap acidosis).

Subclinical and overt proximal RTD were defined when 2 and ≥3 criteria presented.

Results.

Ninety-two patients were enrolled.

The mean duration of nucleotide analogue taking was 55.1±29.6 months.

Proximal RTD was found in 24 (26.1%) patients (subclinical 15 (16.3%) and overt 9 (9.8%)).

The severity of RTD was associated with the duration of nucleotide analogue (P=0.01).

Conclusions.

The prevalence of proximal RTD in CHB patients taking nucleotide analogues was 26%.

The severity of RTD was associated with the treatment duration.

Comprehensive testing is necessary for early detecting nucleotide analogue-related nephrotoxicity.