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Epigenetic Modifications due to Environment, Ageing, Nutrition, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Effects on the Endocrine System
Joint Authors
Plunk, Elizabeth C.
Richards, Sean M.
Source
International Journal of Endocrinology
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-07-21
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The epigenome of an individual can be altered by endogenous hormones, environment, age, diet, and exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and the effects of these modifications can be seen across generations.
Epigenetic modifications to the genome can alter the phenotype of the individual without altering the DNA sequence itself.
Epigenetic modifications include DNA methylation, histone modification, and aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression; they begin during germ cell development and embryogenesis and continue until death.
Hormone modulation occurs during the ageing process due to epigenetic modifications.
Maternal overnutrition or undernutrition can affect the epigenome of the fetus, and the effects can be seen throughout life.
Furthermore, maternal care during the childhood of the offspring can lead to different phenotypes seen in adulthood.
Diseases controlled by the endocrine system, such as obesity and diabetes, as well as infertility in females can be associated with epigenetic changes.
Not only can these phenotypes be seen in F1, but also some chemical effects can be passed through the germline and have effects transgenerationally, and the phenotypes are seen in F3.
The following literature review expands upon these topics and discusses the state of the science related to epigenetic effects of age, diet, and EDCs on the endocrine system.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Plunk, Elizabeth C.& Richards, Sean M.. 2020. Epigenetic Modifications due to Environment, Ageing, Nutrition, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Effects on the Endocrine System. International Journal of Endocrinology،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1170623
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Plunk, Elizabeth C.& Richards, Sean M.. Epigenetic Modifications due to Environment, Ageing, Nutrition, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Effects on the Endocrine System. International Journal of Endocrinology No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1170623
American Medical Association (AMA)
Plunk, Elizabeth C.& Richards, Sean M.. Epigenetic Modifications due to Environment, Ageing, Nutrition, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Their Effects on the Endocrine System. International Journal of Endocrinology. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1170623
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1170623