A Survey of Routing Issues and Associated Protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Joint Authors

Jan, Bilal
Khalid, Muhammad
Ullah, Zahid
Ahmad, Naveed
Arshad, Muhammad
Cao, Yue
Adnan, Awais

Source

Journal of Sensors

Issue

Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-17, 17 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2017-05-22

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

17

Main Subjects

Civil Engineering

Abstract EN

Underwater wireless sensor networks are a newly emerging wireless technology in which small size sensors with limited energy and limited memory and bandwidth are deployed in deep sea water and various monitoring operations like tactical surveillance, environmental monitoring, and data collection are performed through these tiny sensors.

Underwater wireless sensor networks are used for the exploration of underwater resources, oceanographic data collection, flood or disaster prevention, tactical surveillance systems, and unmanned underwater vehicles.

Sensor nodes consist of a small memory, a central processing unit, and an antenna.

Underwater networks are much different from terrestrial sensor networks as radio waves cannot be used in underwater wireless sensor networks.

Acoustic channels are used for communication in deep sea water.

Acoustic signals have many limitations, such as limited bandwidth, higher end-to-end delay, network path loss, higher propagation delay, and dynamic topology.

Usually, these limitations result in higher energy consumption with a smaller number of packets delivered.

The main aim nowadays is to operate sensor nodes having a smaller battery for a longer time in the network.

This survey has discussed the state-of-the-art localization based and localization-free routing protocols.

Routing associated issues in the area of underwater wireless sensor networks have also been discussed.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Khalid, Muhammad& Ullah, Zahid& Ahmad, Naveed& Arshad, Muhammad& Jan, Bilal& Cao, Yue…[et al.]. 2017. A Survey of Routing Issues and Associated Protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Journal of Sensors،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187350

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Khalid, Muhammad…[et al.]. A Survey of Routing Issues and Associated Protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Journal of Sensors No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187350

American Medical Association (AMA)

Khalid, Muhammad& Ullah, Zahid& Ahmad, Naveed& Arshad, Muhammad& Jan, Bilal& Cao, Yue…[et al.]. A Survey of Routing Issues and Associated Protocols in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. Journal of Sensors. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-17.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1187350

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-1187350