HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence
Joint Authors
Rossouw, Theresa M.
Sokoya, T.
Nieuwoudt, M.
Steel, Helen C.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2017, Issue 2017 (31 Dec. 2017), pp.1-16, 16 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2017-10-25
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
16
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Systemic immune activation has emerged as an essential component of the immunopathogenesis of HIV.
It not only leads to faster disease progression, but also to accelerated decline of overall immune competence.
HIV-associated immune activation is characterized by an increase in proinflammatory mediators, dysfunctional T regulatory cells, and a pattern of T-cell-senescent phenotypes similar to those seen in the elderly.
These changes predispose HIV-infected persons to comorbid conditions that have been linked to immunosenescence and inflamm-ageing, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer.
In the antiretroviral treatment era, development of such non-AIDS-defining, age-related comorbidities is a major cause of morbidity and mortality.
Treatment strategies aimed at curtailing persistent immune activation and inflammation may help prevent the development of these conditions.
At present, the most effective strategy appears to be early antiretroviral treatment initiation.
No other treatment interventions have been found effective in large-scale clinical trials, and no adjunctive treatment is currently recommended in international HIV treatment guidelines.
This article reviews the role of systemic immune activation in the immunopathogenesis of HIV infection, its causes and the clinical implications linked to immunosenescence in adults, and the therapeutic interventions that have been investigated.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Sokoya, T.& Steel, Helen C.& Nieuwoudt, M.& Rossouw, Theresa M.. 2017. HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence. Mediators of Inflammation،Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188608
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Sokoya, T.…[et al.]. HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence. Mediators of Inflammation No. 2017 (2017), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188608
American Medical Association (AMA)
Sokoya, T.& Steel, Helen C.& Nieuwoudt, M.& Rossouw, Theresa M.. HIV as a Cause of Immune Activation and Immunosenescence. Mediators of Inflammation. 2017. Vol. 2017, no. 2017, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1188608
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1188608