Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders?

Joint Authors

Farronato, Giampietro
Parisi, Luca
Bassani, Barbara
Gini, Elisabetta
Bruno, Antonino
Mortara, Lorenzo
Baci, Denisa
Tremolati, Marco
Fanuli, Matteo

Source

Journal of Immunology Research

Issue

Vol. 2018, Issue 2018 (31 Dec. 2018), pp.1-25, 25 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2018-01-14

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

25

Main Subjects

Biology

Abstract EN

Macrophages are key cellular components of the innate immunity, acting as the main player in the first-line defence against the pathogens and modulating homeostatic and inflammatory responses.

Plasticity is a major feature of macrophages resulting in extreme heterogeneity both in normal and in pathological conditions.

Macrophages are not homogenous, and they are generally categorized into two broad but distinct subsets as either classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2).

However, macrophages represent a continuum of highly plastic effector cells, resembling a spectrum of diverse phenotype states.

Induction of specific macrophage functions is closely related to the surrounding environment that acts as a relevant orchestrator of macrophage functions.

This phenomenon, termed polarization, results from cell/cell, cell/molecule interaction, governing macrophage functionality within the hosting tissues.

Here, we summarized relevant cellular and molecular mechanisms driving macrophage polarization in “distant” pathological conditions, such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and periodontitis that share macrophage-driven inflammation as a key feature, playing their dual role as killers (M1-like) and/or builders (M2-like).

We also dissect the physio/pathological consequences related to macrophage polarization within selected chronic inflammatory diseases, placing polarized macrophages as a relevant hallmark, putative biomarkers, and possible target for prevention/therapy.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Parisi, Luca& Gini, Elisabetta& Baci, Denisa& Tremolati, Marco& Fanuli, Matteo& Bassani, Barbara…[et al.]. 2018. Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders?. Journal of Immunology Research،Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-25.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193159

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Parisi, Luca…[et al.]. Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders?. Journal of Immunology Research No. 2018 (2018), pp.1-25.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193159

American Medical Association (AMA)

Parisi, Luca& Gini, Elisabetta& Baci, Denisa& Tremolati, Marco& Fanuli, Matteo& Bassani, Barbara…[et al.]. Macrophage Polarization in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Killers or Builders?. Journal of Immunology Research. 2018. Vol. 2018, no. 2018, pp.1-25.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1193159

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-1193159