Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Regulatory Mechanism of Oxidative Stress
Joint Authors
Fan, Bin
Li, Guang-Yu
Zhang, Zi-Yuan
Bao, Xiao-Li
Cong, Yun-Yi
Source
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Issue
Vol. 2020, Issue 2020 (31 Dec. 2020), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2020-08-08
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of severe visual loss and irreversible blindness in the elderly population worldwide.
Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are the major site of pathological alterations in AMD.
They are responsible for the phagocytosis of shed photoreceptor outer segments (POSs) and clearance of cellular waste under physiological conditions.
Age-related, cumulative oxidative stimuli contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD.
Excessive oxidative stress induces RPE cell degeneration and incomplete digestion of POSs, leading to the continuous accumulation of cellular waste (such as lipofuscin).
Autophagy is a major system of degradation of damaged or unnecessary proteins.
However, degenerative RPE cells in AMD patients cannot perform autophagy sufficiently to resist oxidative damage.
Increasing evidence supports the idea that enhancing the autophagic process can properly alleviate oxidative injury in AMD and protect RPE and photoreceptor cells from degeneration and death, although overactivated autophagy may lead to cell death at early stages of retinal degenerative diseases.
The crosstalk among the NFE2L2, PGC-1, p62, AMPK, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways may play a crucial role in improving disturbed autophagy and mitigating the progression of AMD.
In this review, we discuss how autophagy prevents oxidative damage in AMD, summarize potential neuroprotective strategies for therapeutic interventions, and provide an overview of these neuroprotective mechanisms.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Zhang, Zi-Yuan& Bao, Xiao-Li& Cong, Yun-Yi& Fan, Bin& Li, Guang-Yu. 2020. Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Regulatory Mechanism of Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity،Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1204066
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Zhang, Zi-Yuan…[et al.]. Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Regulatory Mechanism of Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity No. 2020 (2020), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1204066
American Medical Association (AMA)
Zhang, Zi-Yuan& Bao, Xiao-Li& Cong, Yun-Yi& Fan, Bin& Li, Guang-Yu. Autophagy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Regulatory Mechanism of Oxidative Stress. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2020. Vol. 2020, no. 2020, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-1204066
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-1204066