In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Heavy Metals Toxicity of Different Parts of Ballota nigra
Joint Authors
Ullah, Najeeb
Ayaz, Sultan
Ahmad, Ijaz
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-06-26
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The study was done to assess the phytochemicals (flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannin, alkaloids, and phenol) in different parts (root, stem, and leaves) of Ballota nigra and correlated it to inhibition of microbes (bacteria and fungi), protozoan (Leishmania), and heavy metals toxicity evaluation.
In root and stem flavonoids, terpenes and phenols were present in ethanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate soluble fraction; these were found to be the most active inhibiting fractions against all the tested strains of bacteria, fungi, and leishmania.
While in leaves flavonoids, terpenes, and phenols were present in ethanol, chloroform, and n-butanol fractions which were the most active fractions against both types of microbes and protozoan (leishmania) in in vitro study.
Ethanol and chloroform fractions show maximum inhibition against Escherichia coli (17 mm).
The phytochemical and biological screenings were correlated with the presence of heavy metals in selected plant Ballota nigra.
Cr was found above permissible value (above 1.5 mg/kg) in all parts of the plant.
Ni was above WHO limit in B.
nigra root and leaves (3.35 ± 1.20 mg/kg and 5.09 ± 0.47 mg/kg, respectively).
Fe was above permissible value in all parts of B.
nigra (above 20 mg/kg).
Cd was above permissible value in all parts of the plant (above 0.3 mg/kg).
Pb was above WHO limit (above 2 mg/kg) in all parts of Ballota nigra.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ullah, Najeeb& Ahmad, Ijaz& Ayaz, Sultan. 2014. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Heavy Metals Toxicity of Different Parts of Ballota nigra. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-463400
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ullah, Najeeb…[et al.]. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Heavy Metals Toxicity of Different Parts of Ballota nigra. BioMed Research International No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-463400
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ullah, Najeeb& Ahmad, Ijaz& Ayaz, Sultan. In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Activities, Phytochemical Screening and Heavy Metals Toxicity of Different Parts of Ballota nigra. BioMed Research International. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-463400
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-463400