Prevalence and Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency and Hyperparathyroidism in HIV-Infected Patients Treated in Barcelona

Abstract EN

Vitamin D deficiency is an important problem in patients with chronic conditions including those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism in HIV patients attended in Barcelona.

Cholecalciferol (25OH vitamin D3) and PTH levels were measured.

Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as 25(OH) D < 20 ng/mL and deficiency as <12 ng/mL.

Hyperparathyroidism was defined as PTH levels >65 pg/mL.

Cases with chronic kidney failure, liver disease, treatments or conditions potentially affecting bone metabolism were excluded.

Among the 566 patients included, 56.4% were exposed to tenofovir.

Vitamin D insufficiency was found in 71.2% and 39.6% of those had deficiency.

PTH was measured in 228 subjects, and 86 of them (37.7%) showed high levels.

Adjusted predictors of vitamin D deficiency were nonwhite race and psychiatric comorbidity, while lipoatrophy was a protective factor.

Independent risk factors of hyperparathyroidism were vitamin D < 12 ng/mL (OR: 2.14, CI 95%: 1.19–3.82, P: 0.01) and tenofovir exposure (OR: 3.55, CI 95%: 1.62–7.7, P: 0.002).

High prevalence of vitamin deficiency and hyperparathyroidism was found in an area with high annual solar exposure.