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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : A Review of Case Reports, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions
Joint Authors
Mustacchia, Paul J.
Tan, Christopher B.
Zhi, Wanqing
Shahzad, Ghulamullah
Source
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-16, 16 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-04-12
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
16
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a nonepithelial, mesenchymal tumor first described by Mazur and Clark in 1983.
Since then, its molecular biology has been studied in great detail.
Special interest in the role of tyrosine kinase in its regulation has been the target by different drug research.
Mutation in c-kit exons 9, 11, 13, 17 and PDGFRA mutation in exons 12, 14, 18 are responsible for activation of gene signaling system resulting in uncontrolled phosphorylation and tissue growth.
However, 5 to 15% of GISTs does not harbor these mutations, which raises additional questions in another alternate signaling pathway mutation yet to be discovered.
Diagnosis of GISTs relies heavily on KIT/CD117 immunohistochemical staining, which can detect most GISTs except for a few 3% to 5% that harbors PDGFRA mutation.
Newer staining against PKC theta and DOG-1 genes showed promising results but are not readily available.
Clinical manifestation of GISTs is broad and highly dependent on tumor size.
Surgery still remains the first-line treatment for GISTs.
The advancement of molecular biology has revolutionized the availability of newer drugs, Imatinib and Sunitinib.
Together with its advancement is the occurrence of Imatinib/Sunitinib drug resistance.
With this, newer monoclonal antibody drugs are being developed and are undergoing clinical trials to hopefully improve survival in patients with GISTs.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Tan, Christopher B.& Zhi, Wanqing& Shahzad, Ghulamullah& Mustacchia, Paul J.. 2012. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : A Review of Case Reports, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions. ISRN Gastroenterology،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-483757
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Tan, Christopher B.…[et al.]. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : A Review of Case Reports, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions. ISRN Gastroenterology No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-483757
American Medical Association (AMA)
Tan, Christopher B.& Zhi, Wanqing& Shahzad, Ghulamullah& Mustacchia, Paul J.. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : A Review of Case Reports, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Future Directions. ISRN Gastroenterology. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-16.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-483757
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-483757