Sex Differences in Mechanisms and Outcome of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in Rodent Models : Implications for Sex-Specific Neuroprotection in Clinical Neonatal Practice
Joint Authors
Hill, Courtney A.
Fitch, R. Holly
Source
Neurology Research International
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-02-14
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Clinical findings show that male infants with hypoxic-ischemic injury (HI) fare more poorly than matched females on cognitive outcomes.
Rodent models of neonatal hypoxia-ischemia support this difference, with data showing that perinatal brain injury leads to long-term behavioral deficits primarily in male rodents and in female rodents treated with early androgens.
Results support the idea that sex-specific gonadal hormones may modulate developmental response to injury and dovetail with overwhelming evidence of developmental androgen effects on typical brain morphology and behavior.
However, mechanisms underlying sex differences in response to early brain injury may be more complicated.
Specifically, activation of cell death pathways in response to HI may also differ by sex.
In females, the preferential activation of the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway may actually afford greater protection, potentially due to the actions of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) within this pathway.
This contrasts the pattern of preferential activation of the caspase-independent pathway in males.
While an integrated model of sex-specific hormonal and genetic modulation of response to early injury remains to be fully elucidated, these findings suggest that infants might benefit from sex-specific neuroprotection following HI injury.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Hill, Courtney A.& Fitch, R. Holly. 2012. Sex Differences in Mechanisms and Outcome of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in Rodent Models : Implications for Sex-Specific Neuroprotection in Clinical Neonatal Practice. Neurology Research International،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-504678
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Hill, Courtney A.& Fitch, R. Holly. Sex Differences in Mechanisms and Outcome of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in Rodent Models : Implications for Sex-Specific Neuroprotection in Clinical Neonatal Practice. Neurology Research International No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-504678
American Medical Association (AMA)
Hill, Courtney A.& Fitch, R. Holly. Sex Differences in Mechanisms and Outcome of Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia in Rodent Models : Implications for Sex-Specific Neuroprotection in Clinical Neonatal Practice. Neurology Research International. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-504678
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-504678