Study of two-short satiety signals : "cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1" in obese subjects

Abstract EN

Background : Feeding behaviour is the result of complex integration of central and peripheral satiety signals.

The latter are either short- or longterm.

This study aimed at evaluation of fasting and half an hour postprandial plasma levels of two of the short-term satiety signals : cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in obese adults.

Aim of the work: Forty-four non-smoker, non-alcoholic adult subjects of matched age, sex and socioeconomic status were included.

They were grouped as control group of 15 apparently healthy volunteers of ideal body weight and an obese group of 29 non-diabetic obese subjects (BMI>30-40 kg / m2).

Subjects and Methods To all subjects, thorough history was taken, especially as regards dietary habits and physical activity, by special interview questionnaire.

Full physical examination including anthropometric measurements was also done.

Estimation of fasting serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids as well as plasma CCK and GLP-1 were performed.

After that, all subjects received a test meal followed by calculation of meal size and caloric intake.

After half an hour from the start of meal, postprandial plasma CCK and GLP-1 levels, and two hours postprandial serum glucose were also estimated.

Thereafter, subjects were asked to complete the questionnaire regarding the satiety period and degree of perception of hunger.

Results : From the obtained results, it could be concluded that : (1) Meal enhances the release of CCK and GLP-1.

Such release is correlated with post meal subjective measures of satiety in both studied groups.

Thus, CCK and GLP-1 can be used as biomarkers of satiety.

(2) The meal-related release of CCK and GLP-1 is attenuated in obese group.

Whether such attenuated response is a cause or a consequence of obesity needs further study.