Mycobiota and mycotoxins associated with fresh and dried grape fruits in Egypt

Abstract EN

The aimed to evaluate the extent of contamination of fresh grape, dried grape fruits (raisin) with molds and their mycotoxins.

Three hundred and forty five fungal isolates were obtained from 40 samples of fresh fruits (243 isolates) and 30 samples of dried fruits (102 isolates).

Twelve fungal genera namely, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Emericella, Fusarium, Geotricum, Gibberella, Mocur, Pinicillum, Rhizopus and Trichoderma were identified from fresh grape samples.

All the previous fungal genera except Geotricum and Gibberella were also isolated from dried grape samples.

Aspergillus was the most predominant genus followed by Penicillum, Alternaria and Fusarium.

Most of the isolated Aspergillus species were found to be positive producers of one or more toxin of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A.

Thin layer chromatographic analysis of 14 tested samples of fresh and dried grape showed that one out of four samples of fresh grape was found to be contaminated with aflatoxins B1 and G1.

Meanwhile, 7 out of 10 samples of dried grape were naturally contaminated with ochratoxin A and aflatoxins B1, B2 and G1.